gnu: Add python2-pathlib2.

Adding only the Python 2 variant, since for Python 3 our minimum version
is 3.4 which already includes this package as part of the standard library.

gnu/packages/python.scm (python2-pathlib2): New variable.

gnu: Add python-setproctitle and python2-setproctitle.

* gnu/packages/python.scm (python-setproctitle, python2-setproctitle):
  New variables.

gnu: Add chromaprint.

* gnu/packages/mp3.scm (chromaprint): New variable.

gnu: Add r-bioccheck.

* gnu/packages/bioinformatics.scm (r-bioccheck): New variable.

gnu: openssh: Fix CVE-2016-8858.

* gnu/packages/patches/openssh-memory-exhaustion.patch: New file.
* gnu/local.mk (dist_patch_DATA): Add it.
* gnu/packages/ssh.scm (openssh)[source]: Use it.

gnu: Add gucharmap.

* gnu/packages/gnome.scm (gucharmap): New variable.

Signed-off-by: Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>

gnu: %static-inputs: Use bash from PATH in bootstrap tar.

gnu/packages/make-bootstrap.scm (%static-inputs): Use bash from PATH.

Signed-off-by: Ludovic Courtès <ludo@gnu.org>

gnu: borg: Install more documentation.

* gnu/packages/backup.scm (borg)[arguments]: Install more documentation in
'install-doc' phase. Use (srfi srfi-26).

gnu: gparted: Update to 0.27.0.

* gnu/packages/disk.scm (gparted): Update to 0.27.0.

gnu: ncftp: Use ‘modify-phases’.

* gnu/packages/ftp.scm (ncftp): Use the ‘modify-phases’ syntax.

gnu: mcelog: Update to 143.

* gnu/packages/linux.scm (mcelog): Update to 143.

gnu: lftp: Update to 4.7.3.

* gnu/packages/ftp.scm (lftp): Update to 4.7.3.
[source]: Use HTTPS. Remove patch.
[arguments]: Add ‘disable-impure-tests’ phase. Add #:configure-flags with
explicit location of readline headers.
[home-page]: Use HTTPS.
* gnu/packages/patches/lftp-dont-save-unknown-host-fingerprint.patch: Delete
file.
* gnu/local.mk (dist_patch_DATA): Remove it.

gnu: awscli: Update to 1.11.5.

* gnu/packages/python.scm (awscli): Update to 1.11.5.
[source]: Use pypi-uri.
[inputs]: Add python-s3transfer.

gnu: Add python-s3transfer.

* gnu/packages/python.scm (python-s3transfer, python2-s3transfer): New
variable.

gnu: python-botocore: Update to 1.4.62.

* gnu/packages/python.scm (python-botocore, python2-botocore): Update to 1.4.62.

gnu: python-rsa: Update to 3.4.2.

* gnu/packages/python.scm (python-rsa, python2-rsa): Update to 3.4.2.

gnu: Add libseccomp.

* gnu/packages/linux.scm (libseccomp): New variable.

gnu: xapian: Update to 1.4.0.

* gnu/packages/search.scm (xapian): Update to 1.4.0.
[source]: Use https URL.
[home-page]: Use https URL.
[arguments]: Remove 'patch-remotetcp-harness' phase. Replace 'check'
phase with a list of custom test targets.

gnu: xapian: Use 'modify-phases' syntax.

* gnu/packages/search.scm (xapian)[arguments]: Use 'modify-phases'. Fix
'/bin/sh' substitution to use (which "sh") instead of (which "bash").

gnu: notmuch: Enable tests.

* gnu/packages/patches/notmuch-emacs-25-compatibility-fix.patch: New file.
* gnu/local.mk (dist_patch_DATA): Register it.
* gnu/packages/mail.scm (notmuch)[source]: Use patch.
[arguments]: Add verbose make flags. Add phase 'patch-notmuch-lib.el' to
fix hard-coded /bin/sh. Add 'prepare-test-environment' phase to patch
test shebangs and set environment.
[native-inputs]: Change from 'emacs-minimal' to 'emacs-no-x'. Add dtach,
gnupg, man, perl and which.