Merge branch 'master' into core-updates

install: Add missing argv[0] in Info invocation.

* gnu/system/install.scm (log-to-info): Add "info" as second argument to
  'execl'.

vm: Add #:name parameter for 'system-disk-image'.

* gnu/system/vm.scm (system-disk-image): Add #:name parameter; pass it
  to 'qemu-image'.

install: Register the hydra.gnu.org key on the installation image.

* gnu/services/base.scm (hydra-key-authorization): New procedure.
  (guix-service): Add #:authorize-hydra-key? parameter; honor it using
  'hydra-key-authorization'.
* gnu/system/install.scm (installation-services): Pass
  #:authorize-hydra-key? #t.

system: Define '%base-packages' and use it.

* gnu/system.scm (<operating-system>)[packages]: Change default value to
  %BASE-PACKAGES.
  (%base-packages): New variable.
* gnu/system/install.scm (installation-os): Use it when defining the
  'packages' field.
* doc/guix.texi (Using the Configuration System): Use %BASE-PACKAGES in
  example.  Remove now unneeded module imports.  Explain this.

install: Add more useful packages.

* gnu/system/install.scm (installation-os)[packages]: Add isc-dhcp,
  net-tools, ddrescue, kbd, and texinfo-4.

gnu: Merge Parted, fdisk, and ddrescue in (gnu packages disk).

* gnu/packages/parted.scm: Rename to...
* gnu/packages/disk.scm: ... this.  New file.  Merge with...
* gnu/packages/fdisk.scm: ... this; remove file;
* gnu/packages/ddrescue.scm: ... and this; remove file.
* gnu/system/install.scm, gnu/system/vm.scm: Adjust accordingly.
* gnu-system.am (GNU_SYSTEM_MODULES): Remove
  gnu/packages/{parted,fdisk,ddrescue}.scm and add
  gnu/packages/disk.scm.

system: File system sources can be marked as labels or devices.

* gnu/system/file-systems.scm (<file-system>)[title]: New field.
* gnu/services/base.scm (file-system-service): Add #:title parameter.
  In 'start' gexp, use 'canonicalize-device-spec' and honor TITLE.
* gnu/system.scm (other-file-system-services,
  operating-system-root-file-system, operating-system-initrd-file):
  Adjust accordingly.
* gnu/system/linux-initrd.scm (file-system->spec): Likewise.
* gnu/system/vm.scm (system-disk-image): Add 'title' field for the root
  file system.
* guix/build/linux-initrd.scm (mount-file-system): Expect the second
  element of SPEC to be the title.
  (boot-system)[root-mount-point?, root-fs-type]: Likewise.
* gnu/services/dmd.scm (dmd-configuration-file): Select
  'canonicalize-device-spec'.

Add (gnu system install).

* gnu/system/install.scm: New file.
* gnu-system.am (GNU_SYSTEM_MODULES): Add it.

vm: disk-image: Specify the root file system using a label.

* gnu/system/vm.scm (system-disk-image)[root-label]: New variable.
  Use it for the root file system, and pass it as #:file-system-label to
  'qemu-image'.

vm: Allow a volume name to be specified for the root partition.

* guix/build/vm.scm (format-partition): Add #:label parameter, and honor
  it.
  (initialize-hard-disk): Add #:file-system-label parameter, and pass it
  to 'format-partition'.
* gnu/system/vm.scm (qemu-image): Add #:file-system-label parameter and
  pass it to 'initialize-hard-disk'.

Merge branch 'master' into core-updates

vm: Disable QEMU networking in the disk image initrd.

* gnu/system/linux-initrd.scm (qemu-initrd): Add #:qemu-networking?
  parameter and honor it.
* gnu/system/vm.scm (system-disk-image): Pass #:qemu-networking #f.

vm: Add 'system-disk-image'.

* gnu/system/vm.scm (system-disk-image): New procedure.

vm: Use a para-virtualized disk when creating an image.

* guix/build/vm.scm (load-in-linux-vm): When MAKE-DISK-IMAGE?, use
  '-drive ...,if=virtio' for better performance.
* gnu/system/vm.scm (qemu-image): Use /dev/vda instead of /dev/sda.

vm: Make the image format a parameter.

* guix/build/vm.scm (load-in-linux-vm): Add #:disk-image-format
  parameter; add 'image-file' variable.  Honor DISK-IMAGE-FORMAT.
* gnu/system/vm.scm (expression->derivation-in-linux-vm): Add
  #:disk-image-format parameter, and honor it.
  (qemu-image): Likewise.

Add (gnu system file-systems).

This fixes a circular dependency between (gnu system) and (gnu system
linux-initrd), where the latter could end up being compiled before
'file-system-type' was defined as a macro.

* gnu/system.scm (<file-system>, %fuse-control-file-system,
  %binary-format-file-system): Move to...
* gnu/system/file-systems.scm: ... here.  New file.
* build-aux/hydra/demo-os.scm, gnu/system/linux-initrd.scm,
  gnu/system/vm.scm: Use it.
* gnu-system.am (GNU_SYSTEM_MODULES): Add it.

vm: Make the device name a parameter.

* guix/build/vm.scm (initialize-partition-table): Honor 'device'
  parameter.
  (initialize-hard-disk): Add 'device' parameter and honor it.
* gnu/system/vm.scm (qemu-image): Adjust accordingly.

system: Add 'grub-configuration' record.

* gnu/system/grub.scm (<grub-configuration>): New record type.
  (grub-configuration-file): Add 'config' parameter; remove
  #:default-entry and #:timeout.  Honor CONFIG.
* gnu/system.scm (<operating-system>): Remove 'bootloader-entries'
  field; remove default value for 'bootloader' field.
  (operating-system-grub.cfg): Pass the 'bootloader' field to
  'grub-configuration-file'.
* build-aux/hydra/demo-os.scm (bootloader): New field.

system: Make /run/current-system at activation time.

* gnu/system.scm (etc-directory): Change default value of #:profile.
  Change contents of SHELLS.  Use /run/current-system/profile/{s,}bin in
  BASHRC.
  (operating-system-boot-script)[%modules]: Add (guix build
  linux-initrd).  Add call to 'activate-current-system' in gexp.
  (operating-system-initrd-file, operating-system-grub.cfg): New
  procedures.
  (operating-system-derivation): Don't build grub.cfg here and remove it
  from the file union.
* gnu/system/vm.scm (qemu-image): Remove #:populate.
  (operating-system-build-gid, operating-system-default-contents):
  Remove.
  (system-qemu-image): Remove call to
  'operating-system-default-contents'.  Use 'operating-system-grub.cfg'
  to get grub.cfg.  Add GRUB.CFG to #:inputs.
  (system-qemu-image/shared-store): Likewise, but don't add GRUB.CFG to
  #:inputs.
  (system-qemu-image/shared-store-script): Pass --system kernel option.
* guix/build/activation.scm (%booted-system, %current-system): New
  variables.
  (boot-time-system, activate-current-system): New procedures.
* guix/build/install.scm (evaluate-populate-directive): Add case
  for ('directory name uid gid mode).
  (directives, populate-root-file-system): New procedures.
* guix/build/vm.scm (initialize-hard-disk): Replace calls to
  'evaluate-populate-directive' by a call to
  'populate-root-file-system'.
* gnu/services/dmd.scm (dmd-configuration-file): Use
  /run/current-system/profile/bin.
* gnu/services/xorg.scm (slim-service): Likewise.