guix-download: Add support for file:// URIs.

* guix-download.in (fetch-and-store): New procedure.
  (guix-download): Use it to compute PATH.  Call `add-to-store' when
  a `file' URI scheme is used.
* Makefile.am (AM_TESTS_ENVIRONMENT): New variable.
* tests/guix-download.sh: Add test.

distro: Add GNU Texinfo.

* distro/packages/texinfo.scm: New file.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add it.

distro: Add GNU Libtasn1 and GnuTLS.

* distro/packages/gnutls.scm: New file.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add it.

distro: Add GNU Nettle.

* distro/packages/nettle.scm: New file.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add it.

build: Add $(top_builddir) to the load path.

* Makefile.am (DOWNLOAD_FILE): Add $(top_builddir) to the search path,
  since that's where guix/config.scm is.
  (.scm.go): Likewise.

distro: Patch libc to avoid accessing /etc/ld.so.cache and friends.

* distro/packages/base.scm (glibc): Apply `glibc-no-ld-so-cache.patch'.
  (glibc-final): Inherit GLIBC's inputs.
* distro/packages/patches/glibc-no-ld-so-cache.patch: New file.
* Makefile.am (dist_patch_DATA): Add it.

Remove (guix http) and (guix ftp).

* guix/ftp.scm, guix/http.scm, guix/build/ftp.scm, guix/build/http.scm:
  Remove.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Likewise.
* tests/builders.scm, distro/packages/base.scm,
  distro/packages/bash.scm, distro/packages/bdw-gc.scm,
  distro/packages/compression.scm, distro/packages/gawk.scm,
  distro/packages/gnupg.scm, distro/packages/gperf.scm,
  distro/packages/guile.scm, distro/packages/libffi.scm,
  distro/packages/libsigsegv.scm, distro/packages/libtool.scm,
  distro/packages/libunistring.scm, distro/packages/lout.scm,
  distro/packages/m4.scm, distro/packages/multiprecision.scm,
  distro/packages/ncurses.scm, distro/packages/perl.scm,
  distro/packages/pkg-config.scm, distro/packages/pth.scm,
  distro/packages/readline.scm, distro/packages/recutils.scm: Use
  `url-fetch' instead of `http-fetch' and `ftp-fetch'.
* distro/packages/bootstrap.scm: Likewise
  (bootstrap-origin): Remove references to `http-fetch' and
  `ftp-fetch'.
* guix.scm (%public-modules): Remove `http' and `ftp'; add `download'.

Add (guix download) and (guix build download).

* guix/download.scm, guix/build/download.scm: New files.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add them.
* tests/builders.scm ("url-fetch"): New test.
* distro/packages/bootstrap.scm (bootstrap-origin): Support
  `url-fetch'.
* guix/snix.scm (snix-derivation->guix-package): Use `url-fetch' instead
  of `http-fetch'.

Move base32 code to (guix base32).

* guix/utils.scm (bytevector-quintet-ref, bytevector-quintet-ref-right,
  bytevector-quintet-length, bytevector-quintet-fold,
  bytevector-quintet-fold-right, make-bytevector->base32-string,
  %nix-base32-chars, %rfc4648-base32-chars, bytevector->base32-string,
  bytevector->nix-base32-string, bytevector-quintet-set!,
  bytevector-quintet-set-right!, base32-string-unfold,
  base32-string-unfold-right, make-base32-string->bytevector,
  base32-string->bytevector, nix-base32-string->bytevector): Move to...
* guix/base32.scm: ... here.  New file.

* tests/utils.scm (%nix-hash, "bytevector->base32-string",
  "base32-string->bytevector", "nix-base32-string->bytevector", "sha256
  & bytevector->base32-string"): Move to...
* tests/base32.scm: ... here.  New file

* guix-download.in, guix/derivations.scm, guix/packages.scm,
  guix/snix.scm, tests/builders.scm, tests/derivations.scm: Adjust
  accordingly.
* guix.scm (%public-modules): Add `base32'.

guix-download: Error out when the HTTP response code is not 200.

* guix-download.in (http-fetch): Leave with an error message when
  RESPONSE's code is not 200.

* tests/guix-download.sh: New file.
* Makefile.am (TESTS): Add it.

build: Remove now unnecessary dependency of downloads on guix/utils.go.

* Makefile.am (distro/packages/bootstrap/x86_64-linux/guile-bootstrap-2.0.6.tar.xz,
  distro/packages/bootstrap/i686-linux/guile-bootstrap-2.0.6.tar.xz):
  Remove dependency on guix/utils.go.

distro: Move bootstrap tarball packages to (distro packages make-bootstrap).

* distro/packages/base.scm (binutils-final): Make public.
  (static-package, %bash-static, %static-inputs, %static-binaries,
  %binutils-static, %binutils-static-stripped, %glibc-stripped,
  %gcc-static, %gcc-stripped, %guile-static, %guile-static-stripped,
  tarball-package, %bootstrap-binaries-tarball,
  %binutils-bootstrap-tarball, %glibc-bootstrap-tarball,
  %guile-bootstrap-tarball): Move to...
* distro/packages/make-bootstrap.scm: ... here.  New file.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add it.

distro: Add GnuPG and companion libraries.

* distro/packages/gnupg.scm: New file.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add it.

distro: Add (distro packages compression).

* distro/packages/base.scm (gzip, bzip2, xz): Move to...
* distro/packages/compression.scm: ... here.  New file.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add it.

distro: Add GNU Pth.

* distro/packages/pth.scm: New file.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add it.

distro: Add GNU gperf.

* distro/packages/gperf.scm: New file.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add it.
* distro/packages/guile.scm (guile-reader): Use it.

distro: Split (distro packages base) into several files.

* distro/packages/base.scm (libsigsegv, gawk, perl, m4, gmp, mpfr, mpc,
  ncurses, readline, bash, libtool, libunistring, libffi, pkg-config,
  libgc): Move to modules of their own.
  (guile-1.8, guile-2.0): Move to...
* distro/packages/guile.scm: ... here.

* distro/packages/bash.scm, distro/packages/bdw-gc.scm,
  distro/packages/gawk.scm, distro/packages/libffi.scm,
  distro/packages/libsigsegv.scm, distro/packages/libtool.scm,
  distro/packages/libunistring.scm, distro/packages/m4.scm,
  distro/packages/multiprecision.scm, distro/packages/ncurses.scm,
  distro/packages/perl.scm, distro/packages/pkg-config.scm,
  distro/packages/readline.scm: New files.

distro: Move bootstrap packages to (distro packages bootstrap).

* distro/packages/base.scm (glibc-dynamic-linker, %bootstrap-guile,
  bootstrap-origin, package-from-tarball, %bootstrap-base-url,
  %bootstrap-coreutils&co, %bootstrap-binutils, %bootstrap-glibc,
  %bootstrap-gcc, %bootstrap-inputs, package-with-bootstrap-guile): Move
  to ...
* distro/packages/bootstrap.scm: ... here.  New file.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Add it.
* tests/builders.scm: Use (distro packages bootstrap).
  (%bootstrap-guile): Remove.
* tests/packages.scm: Likewise.
* tests/union.scm: Likewise, and remove @@ to access %bootstrap-inputs.
* tests/derivations.scm: Use (distro packages bootstrap) and remove @@
  to access %bootstrap-coreutils&co.
* HACKING (When the platform is supported by Nixpkgs): Update
  accordingly.

distro: Go for one module per package.

The alternative, which was to use one module per category, would
probably not scale well.  First, because many packages could fall into
several categories (does GnuTLS go into "networking", "security", or
"libraries"?).  Second, because that could easily lead to circular
dependencies among modules ("security" and "networking" depend on each
other, etc.)

* distro/packages/databases.scm: Rename to...
* distro/packages/recutils.scm: ... this.
* distro/packages/typesetting.scm: Rename to...
* distro/packages/lout.scm: ... this.
* Makefile.am (MODULES): Adjust accordingly.
* po/POTFILES.in: Likewise.

Add (guix snix) and the `guix-import' command.

* guix/snix.scm, tests/snix.scm, guix-import.in: New files.
* configure.ac: Output `guix-import' and make it executable.
* Makefile.am (bin_SCRIPTS): Add `guix-import'.
  (MODULES): Add `guix/snix.scm'.
  (TESTS): Add `tests/snix.scm'.