file-systems: Remove dependency on (guix store).

(gnu system file-systems) is used on the "build" side since commit
5970e8e248f6327c41c83b86bb2c89be7c3b1b4e.

* gnu/system/file-systems.scm: Remove dependency on (guix store).
(%store-prefix): New procedure.
* tests/file-systems.scm ("does not pull (guix config)"): New test.

file-systems: Add 'file-system-mapping->bind-mount'.

* gnu/system/file-systems.scm (file-system-mapping->bind-mount): New
procedure.
* gnu/system/linux-container.scm (mapping->file-system): Remove.
(containerized-operating-system)[mapping->fs]: Use
'file-system-mapping->bind-mount' instead of 'mapping->file-system'.
* guix/scripts/environment.scm (launch-environment/container): Likewise.

system: More 'file-append' instead of #~(string-append #$thing …).

* gnu/system/shadow.scm (<user-account>)[shell]: Use 'file-append'.
(%base-user-accounts): Likewise.
* gnu/system/grub.scm (%background-image): Likewise.

system: Create home directories once 'file-systems' is up.

Fixes <http://bugs.gnu.org/21108>.
Reported by Andy Patterson <ajpatter@uwaterloo.ca>
and Leo Famulari <leo@famulari.name>.

* gnu/build/activation.scm (activate-users+groups)[activate-user]: Pass
  #:create-home? #t iff CREATE-HOME? and SYSTEM?.
(activate-user-home): New procedure.
* gnu/system/shadow.scm (account-shepherd-service): New procedure.
(account-service-type)[extensions]: Add SHEPHERD-ROOT-SERVICE-TYPE
extension.
* gnu/tests/base.scm (run-basic-test)["home"]
["skeletons in home directories"]: New tests.
* gnu/tests/install.scm (%separate-home-os, %separate-home-os-source)
(%test-separate-home-os): New variables.

mapped-devices: 'source' can be a list of strings.

Reported by myglc2 <myglc2@gmail.com>.

* gnu/system/mapped-devices.scm (<mapped-device>)[source]: Update
comment to note that this can be a list of strings.

file-systems: 'file-system-needed-for-boot?' is #t for parents of the store.

Suggested by John Darrington <john@darrington.wattle.id.au>.

* gnu/system/file-systems.scm (%not-slash): New variable.
(file-prefix?): New procedure.
(file-system-needed-for-boot?): Use it to check whether FS holds the
store.
* tests/file-systems.scm ("file-system-needed-for-boot?"): New test.
* gnu/tests/install.scm (%separate-store-os)[file-systems]: Remove
'needed-for-boot?' field for "/gnu".

system: Add btrfs file system support.

* gnu/build/file-systems.scm (%btrfs-endianness, btrfs-superblock?,
  read-btrfs-superblock, btrfs-superblock-uuid,
  btrfs-superblock-volume-name, check-btrfs-file-system): New variables.
  (%paritition-label-readers, %partition-uuid-readers): Add btrfs
  readers.
* gnu/system/linux-initrd.scm (linux-modules): Add btrfs modules when a
  btrfs file-system is used.
* gnu/tests/install.scm (%btrfs-root-os %btrfs-root-os-source,
  %btrfs-root-installation-script, %test-btrfs-root-os): New system
  test.
* doc/guix.texi: Adjust accordingly.

Fixes <http://bugs.gnu.org/19280>.

system: grub: Load relevant EFI modules on EFI systems.

* gnu/system/grub.scm (eye-candy)[setup-gfxterm-body]: Add 'insmod'
invocations when ${grub_platform} is "efi".

install: The list of services is now a plain list.

* gnu/system/install.scm (installation-services): Rename to...
(%installation-services): ... this.  Turn into a list instead of a thunk.

linux-initrd: Support FAT filesystems.

* gnu/system/linux-initrd.scm (base-initrd): When a FAT filesystem is
present: Add fatfsck/static in 'helper-packages'; and add nls_iso8859-1
in 'linux-modules'.

install: Add dosfstools.

* gnu/system/install.scm (installation-os)[packages]: Add DOSFSTOOLS.

Merge branch 'master' into staging

Merge branch 'master' into python-build-system

doc: Suggest installing gvfs.

* gnu/system/examples/desktop.tmpl: Add gvfs to the system-wide list of
packages.

Merge branch 'master' into python-build-system

doc: Document encrypted root partitions.

This is a followup to f7f292d359e0eb77617f4ecf6b3164f868ec1784.

* doc/guix.texi (Preparing for Installation): Give commands for
encrypted root installation.
(Proceeding with the Installation): Add item about mapped devices.
(File Systems): Mention that 'dependencies' can list <mapped-device>
objects.
* gnu/system/examples/desktop.tmpl (mapped-devices): New field.
(file-systems): Add 'dependencies' field.

Merge branch 'master' into staging

mapped-devices: Use 'cryptsetup-static' in 'luks-device-mapping'.

* gnu/system/mapped-devices.scm (open-luks-device): Use
CRYPTSETUP-STATIC instead of CRYPTSETUP.  Use 'file-append'.
(close-luks-device): Likewise.

vm: Disable initrd-time QEMU networking for VM images.

Fixes <http://bugs.gnu.org/24943>.
Reported by dian_cecht@zoho.com.

* gnu/system/vm.scm (system-qemu-image)[initrd]: Remove
 #:qemu-networking? #t.
(virtualized-operating-system): Likewise

container: Pass a list of <file-system> objects as things to mount.

* gnu/build/linux-container.scm (mount-file-systems): 'mounts' is now a
list of <file-system> objects instead of a list of lists ("specs").
Add call to 'file-system->spec' as the argument to 'mount-file-system'.
(run-container, call-with-container): Adjust docstring accordingly.
* gnu/system/file-systems.scm (spec->file-system): New procedure.
* gnu/system/linux-container.scm (container-script)[script]: Call
'spec->file-system' inside gexp.
* guix/scripts/environment.scm (launch-environment/container): Remove
call to 'file-system->spec'.
* tests/containers.scm ("call-with-container, mnt namespace")
("call-with-container, mnt namespace, wrong bind mount"): Pass a list of
<file-system> objects.